California defensible space

Zone 0: the first five feet around your home

California adopted the country's first statewide rule requiring an ember-resistant zone within five feet of structures. This site tracks what it actually says, who it covers, and when each deadline falls — from the adopted rule text, rather than press coverage.

Start here: does it cover you?

The answer turns on one distinction almost every other page blurs. In the State Responsibility Area, Zone 0 applies to every building and structure regardless of fire hazard class. In a Local Responsibility Area, it reaches only areas designated Very High — and only once your city or county has adopted that designation by ordinance.

Does the state Zone 0 rule cover your property?

Three questions. This is orientation, not a determination — only the fire agency with jurisdiction over your address can tell you for certain.

Four deadlines, not two phases

Every summary of this regulation, including the Board's own, describes two phases: three years and five years. The rule text has four separate compliance dates, and the first one lands the day the regulation takes effect.

The compliance window for existing structures
Effective date +3 years +5 years
Segments are proportional to the statutory windows. The final tier is set by your local fire agency anywhere between year 3 and year 5.

Due on day one for existing homes. Roof and gutters clear of debris. No firewood stored in Zone 0. No dead or dying tree branches. Live branches at least 10 feet from chimneys. And no live tree branches underneath your eaves.

That last one is not a maintenance chore — for a mature tree close to the house it can mean real money, and it is due immediately rather than in three years. All four tiers, with citations →

Two things nobody is reporting

State enforcement waits on a funding finding

Public Resources Code 4291(h) bars the Office of the State Fire Marshal from changing defensible space inspection practices, forms, or enforcement to implement the ember-resistant zone until the State Fire Marshal posts a written finding that the Legislature has appropriated sufficient resources. The Board's own fiscal statement expects that in the 2027–2028 fiscal year.

So the obligations begin, and state enforcement follows roughly two years later. What that means in practice →

New construction is gated on a document that doesn't exist yet

Under PRC 4291(g)(1) and Gov Code 51186(b)(2)(A), the requirements for new structures do not take effect until the Board updates and posts its defensible space guidance document. "Applies immediately to new construction" is conditional on that publication. More →

The same work pays you back

California requires insurers that price on wildfire risk to discount for specific mitigation measures under 10 CCR 2644.9. The California FAIR Plan's own schedule runs to 16.4% off the wildfire portion of a Dwelling Fire premium. The ten property-level measures map almost exactly onto Zone 0 — so one set of work, and one photo file, serves both.

The regulation also gives you a right most homeowners have never used: when an insurer gives you a wildfire risk score, it must tell you which measures would lower it and the dollar premium reduction each one would produce. How to use that →

Where to next

How this site is sourced. Everything here is read from primary documents: the rule text as filed with the Office of Administrative Law, the Board's Notice of Proposed Emergency Action, the economic impact statement, the insurance regulation, and each jurisdiction's own published guidance. Where those documents disagree with each other — and in a few places they do — the page says so and tells you which one controls.